PVT-panelernas plats i samhället : En vidareutveckling av Evertechs ETX-paneler

Sammanfattning: Abstract To prevent that the climate influences reaches critical and irreversible levels in the near future, a change in our energy consumption and our energy sources is required. It will be a combination of multiple system solutions and several types of renewable sources, both at a personal and national levels. Every hour, the sun shines at the earth with the same amount that the world's population needs in a year. It is clearly a small part of this that we could use, but it is easy to see the potential. Evertech is a company in Umeå, whose strategy is to develop products to extract and recycle heat energy from the solar renewable resource. The company has several products and all are based on a heat exchange panel. Together with the company the possibility of combining a solar module with Evertech's solar panel was tested for a hybrid to get better effect on the solar cell by cooling. Hybrids are also called PVT-modules (photovoltaic thermal). A system setup was made with a simple prototype to measure surface temperature and power difference when the solar cell was cooled by the heat exchanger absorber. The measurement study showed an increased effect of 8 % on average and a maximum of 15 %. At the time of maximum, a surface temperature difference between the solar cell and the hybrid was determined to 20°C while the average was at 15°C. A temperature gradient at the cooled module was detected, which inhibited the power increase. This indicates that a future product would have the ability to obtain higher values.  By combining the solar hybrid with a geothermal heating system, one could secure both the own heat supply and the electricity supply and at the same time have the possibility of recharge the mountain. This and how the systems can benefit from each other were studied in the simulation program Polysun. The primary goal of using a hybrid system is to create as high efficiency as possible on the solar cells and to improve the SPF value of the heat pump by allowing the heat carrier to circulate through the hybrids. The difference between the SPF-value of a hybrid system in conjunction with a geothermal system was 4.2 against the geothermal system 2.7. To cover up the increased electricity consumption that the circulation meant and the heat losses against a solar collector system did not become a problem. The results of the simulations and the economic study show that a PVT-panel built on Evertech's ETX-panel together with geothermal heat has equally good conditions for managing as solar cells or traditional solar collectors. The repayment period for a PVT module was 13,8 years for a 20 % solvency payment. For a solar cell plant of the same size it became 14,5 years. The PVT had the best return on investment of 1,2 % and an annual gain of 2000 Swedish kronor of the compared systems.