Statusbedömning av befintliga byggnader – Med fokus på Energi, Extern miljöpåverkan och Utemiljö

Sammanfattning: Currently, Sweden faces a major environmental challenge. If the status of its building stock doesn’t improve, the environmental goal “En god bebyggd miljö” will not be reached. Since this goal considers a wide range of aspects it’s essential that the same holistic approach is considered when implementing measures on the building stock. For this to be possible, an extensive dialogue needs to be held that considers a wide range of key elements. The change of one parameter may cause a negative impact on other parameters. This may result in sub-optimisations. This phenomenon initiated this study and the parallel study carried out by Mikaelson and Werner (2015). The studies aim to develop a holistic model for the status-assessment of buildings. There are numerous accessible checklists that assess the quality of buildings. However, these make separate evaluations on each key element, thus they do not follow a holistic approach. In the literature review that was carried out as part of this study, only one appropriate method was identified: “Miljöstatus för Byggnader” (Miljöstatus för byggnader, 2011). However, it is not a holistic method as it only covers a few of the key elements that need to be considered. Therefore, there is a demand of a standardized method with a broader focus. In this study and the corresponding study carried out by Werner and Mikaelson (2015), the following key elements were identified as essential: Energy efficiency, environmental impact, outdoor environment, indoor environment, moisture safety, installations, building components, organisation, operation and maintenance, and work environment. The purpose of these studies is to establish a method to simplify and optimize the inspection of a building and its corresponding analysis. The result of the study is shown in a model that incorporates a review of several key elements, therefore contributing to a holistic dialogue. The model should be regarded as a tool to be used when conducting a qualitative status-assessment. The results of the status-assessment will determine which elements need further assessment. In this study, boundaries have been drawn regarding moisture, installations, indoor environment, building components, organization, operation and maintenance, and work environment. These fields will be covered in the study carried out by Mikaelson and Werner (2015). None of the studies will include an analysis of status-assessments of buildings with extraordinary activities such as swimming facilities, churches or industrial facilities. No software has been developed, only a concept for the construction of the model. Specific measures will not be proposed in the model. The analysis is based on interviews, a literature review, a survey and a case study. The key elements and its corresponding checklist were identified through the interviews and the literature review. The case study was used to validate and, if necessary, revise and clarify the checklist. The questionnaire was incorporated to improve the overall structure of the model. The conducted model will, from a general checklist, build a specified inspection template adopted for the specific building. The main parts of the inspection template should be completed during the visual inspection and the remaining part will be filled out by the property manager. The inspection should be completed within one day, and it should be possible to investigate each key element separately. A concept for the analysis of the obtained result from the inspection has also been developed with the aim to optimize the process. This concept is based on a digitalization of the model. This would allow the construction of a database of the results which makes a later verification possible. With help of software, that controls the outcome of the model and errors in the results, a continuous qualitative improvement of the list of questions would also be possible. The database would also allow the construction of a reference system that makes the analyses of the result easier. It’s our belief that the suggested model will increase the horizontal dialogue on the status-assessment of buildings. For the model to reach its full potential a database should be constructed. The model will not predict future needs of specific actions but will indicate which areas should be addressed. Therefore it will function as a tool for a qualitative holistic status-assessment of buildings such as apartment buildings and offices.