Machine Tool Utilisation Phase : Costs and Environmental Impacts with a Life Cycle View
Sammanfattning: The main objective of this project is to investigate the costs and environmental impacts generated at the use phase of the machine tools. Machine tools are essential elements for the manufacturing sector. Cost estimation model has been developed based on previous studies. The cost model has 6 main groups: Energy, consumables, resources, waste, space and labour costs parameters. The importance of the use phase in the whole life cycle is underlined. This is related to the high energy consumptions of the machine. Therefore, special attention has been paid to the electricity consumption, developing an accurate model with a life cycle view: Apart from cutting energy, auxiliary machinery and stand-by situations has been defined in this model. The environmental impact analysis has been divided into material, use, disposal and transport categories, with special focus on consumables (cutting fluids, filters, cutting tools and lubricant oil) and energy consumption for the using phase. A LCA analysis in EcoScan software has been carried out with a real example: The FS-8000 milling machine. The analysis has confirmed that impacts related to the high electricity consumption during using phase are the most important burdens with almost 70% of the total impact. This is follow by hazardous oil disposal (13.9%), cutting tools (7.7%) and transport (6.6%). Last, a sensitivity study for environmental impacts has been conducted. The correlations between parameters have revealed that although the impact ranking determined from the EcoScan analysis is appropriate, there are some deviations when parameter variability is taken into account. Therefore, the report suggest conducting a sensitivity study along with the LCA for more precise results.
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