Den framtida utvecklingen av bioenergi i Sverige

Sammanfattning: Sweden is one of the largest producers of forest products and the Swedish forest has a great impact on the development of bioenergy in the country. One of the targets for Sweden by 2050 is to be independent of fossil fuels and this study will examine the Swedish forest’s potential to contribute to achieving the target. There are mainly two ways that the Swedish forest may contribute to the achieving the target, either by producing more of their products and replacing fossil-dependent products against fossil-independent products or by producing bioenergy as a primary product. There are various aspects that lean in favor or against the two different possibilities and this study will compare these two partly by CO2 emissions, economic analysis and energy potential. The study around these areas has been developed by previous studies and statistics from Skogsindustrierna and interviews with Helena Sjögren from Skogsindustrierna and Ola Schultz Eklund from Holmen. The economic analysis showed that the revenue would be almost the same if the forest industry produce more products or produce bioenergy as a primary product with an added felled forest. A life cycle analysis shows that replacing fossil-dependent products such as plastic to fossil-free products such as paper gives a worse effect on the carbon cycles but a wooden frame to a concrete frame gives a better effect. However paper has a greater energy potential at a possible recycling. It is therefore important to look at which products from the forest that should replace fossil-dependent products by analyzing the carbon cycle rather than the profit. It is precisely this point that makes it difficult to get industry to invest in a particular product or in bioenergy because of a company's main interest is to be profitable.