Motiverande samtal vid livsstilsförändringar : En litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning: Background: Diseases partly depending on lifestyle is a global problem. Lifestyle changes with in the areas of tobacco, physical activity, diet and alcohol can reduce the risk of developing this diseases. To change habits and lifestyle is often difficult and takes time. Strengthening a person's belief in their ability to change can facilitate change. Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a counseling method that aims to provide support for lifestyle change. The person's own perspective is in focus. The counselor is trying to explore and understand it through empathically listening, and find the person's own motivation. Aim: To compile research of the usability of Motivational Interviewing at lifestyle change in the areas of tobacco, physical activity, diet and alcohol. Method: A literature study based on 13 articles of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Result: MI was useful at lifestyle change related to the areas of tobacco, physical activity, diet and alcohol, the highest usability was found at smoking cessation. No effect was found for diabetes and physical activity. MI improved the belief to commit lifestyle change. Emphatically listening facilitated lifestyle change. Conclusion: MI was useful at lifestyle change related to the areas of tobacco, physical activity, diet and alcohol, the highest usability was found at smoking cessation. MI improved the belief to commit lifestyle change and made persons more ready to change. Follow up improved the outcome.