Systemtjänster från vindkraft – en marknadsstudie.

Sammanfattning: Today’s electricity system faces a lot of challenges. The Swedish TSO, SvK, has expressed an increased worry about the system reliability and fears for the grid robustness. This worry stems from a continuously growing share of electricity produced from non-plannable production such as wind power. Ancillary services (AS) for controlling frequency, voltage and system inertia are important tools for tackling this challenge, but the availability of these services is feared to drop as asynchronous and unplannable sources increase their share in the energy mix. The higher share of renewable and asynchronous sources in the system is in turn a result of goals set on a political level, from both the EU and the Swedish government, who have stated a long term aim for a 100 % renewable electricity system. In this aim, wind power has a big part to play. In the same time, the wind power business faces financial constraints with a challenging remu-neration system and with electricity prices being on historically low levels. It has thus become less profitable to act in the wind power business, and the wind power producer needs to look for new business opportunities and revenue streams.  The interesting case to examine is if wind power, as an asynchronous energy source, could manage to contribute in supplementing availability for these ancillary services, and in the same time get remuneration for providing it. A solution where ancillary services from wind power have a market in Sweden would contribute to solving both sides of the problem. Thus, a market assessment of AS from wind power in Sweden is of high relevance.  Through interviewing experts from relevant stakeholders, conducting a comprehensive litera-ture study and attending a seminar on the topic, we found that examined AS have different possibilities to achieve a market model with remuneration depending on the time aspect con-sidered. Frequency control (FC) has a current uprising market possibility while synthetic inertia (SI) is more needed in a couple of years. Voltage control (VC) is not market compatible for the moment. Hence, the answer to the research question Is there a market for ancillary services from wind power in Sweden? is potentially for FC and SI but unlikely for VC. Our findings show that for FC, the market has just started to form in Sweden with a special regulation from a wind farm in SE4 in April this year (2017). One can expect a growing need from now on and thus a con-tinuously growing market. For SI, a market solution with remuneration seems possible, alt-hough the need for SI seems to be more significant in a couple of years. Research results on the need for SI in Sweden will be presented by SvK this summer (2017), and might be used as deci-sion basis for deciding the market model. For VC, the regulatory area as it is outlined today hinders a market solution. However, we discuss future opportunities for VC using an example from Princess Alexia, a wind farm in the Netherlands, where VC is successfully sold to the TSO.