Somliga gator är somriga gator - En jämförande studie av Sveriges sommargågator
Sammanfattning: A summer street is created by temporarily closing the car traffic on a street during the summer months. The pedestrians get access to the entire street and the liberated space can be used for activities, greenery, benches, bike parking, art and by restaurants. During recent years major cities have made the concept known to the general public. My study shows that summer streets have a much longer history and that several smaller municipalities have used the planning tool over two decades. Despite this, there are few studies conducted on the subject. With my thesis I wanted to contribute by spreading knowledge and collecting use-ful information to determine what factors decide whether a summer street is successful or not. The question I wanted to answer was how widespread the phenomena is in Sweden and which factors contribute to either success or failure. In my literature study I turned to international research of similar phenomena. I made the choice to view summer streets as a type of temporary urbanism to get a theoretical background for the practical study. By doing so I could conduct a theoretical framework constituting of nine aspects of temporary urbanism that I considered relevant to examine in respect to summer streets. The practical study consisted of interviewing officials and business persons in every municipality where they had discussed a summer street. My results are based on these conversations. 163 municipalities were contacted (all Swedish municipalities with more than 15 000 habitants) and of them, 33 have thought about or implemented a summer street. The design differs a lot though. I have divided the projects into three types based on how active the municipality, business sector and non-profit organisations are. I call them the Restaurant Street, the Activity Road and the Middle Way. The results also show that the three most important success factors for a summer street are that - the proposition is related to a strategic plan - a municipal administration with officials initiates and prepares the proposition - the street has more restaurants than shops or other businesses. In regard of the failure factors I found that the three most critical are that - the business sector isn’t convinced about the idea - the city is small and has a strong tradition of car usage - the street has a heavy traffic load. At the end of the result chapter I discuss how well my hypothesis that summer streets are a form of temporary urbanism is in accordance with my results. The conclusion is that the similarities between summer streets and temporary urbanism are more numbered than the differences and that summer streets therefore can be considered a type of temporary urbanism. With that said there are not only more to be learn by studying the Swedish summer street siblings but also the phenomena in a bigger context.
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