Effekten av motiverande samtal för att sluta röka : En litteraturöversikt

Sammanfattning: ABSTRACT Introduction: Tobacco use is the largest cause of disease and mortality that is preventable and costs the Swedish society over 31 billion SEK per year. There are various treatment options for smoking cessation such as exercise, medicine and cognitive behavior therapy [CBT]. CBT is used as an aid in smoking cessation to alleviate abstinence, more rarely is the use of motivational interviewing [MI]. Obtaining conversational support and motivation can be important for the smoking cessation process and for symptoms of abstinence. The aim of the study was to determine if motivational interviewing is an effective method for smoking cessation.    Method: A quantitative literature review with a descriptive design. Data was collected via PubMed and 11 studies were included.   Results: MI had an effect on experience of motivation, smoking cessation, reduced number of cigarettes and abstinence. However, the results are scattered and therefore it’s not possible to draw a clear conclusion. There is some support for MI to increase motivation, but there are also studies that don’t ensure any differences. There is weak support for the fact that MI had an effect on reduced number of cigarettes per day. Weak support was seen in MI´s effect on smoking cessation and abstinence.   Conclusion: MI’s have a certain effect on the experience of motivation, smoking cessation, reduced number of cigarettes and abstinence. Furthermore, MIs proved to work effectively as a complement to another smoking cessation method. Finally, the treatment method motivational talks to quit smoking and MI in combination with other treatment methods needs more research to a greater extent in order to be able to implement it clinically.