mRNA-vacciner mot SARS-CoV-2 (Pfizer BionTech BNT162b och mRNA-1273 Moderna) -analys av säkerhet och effektivitet

Sammanfattning: Introduction: The coronavirus is an RNA virus with a lipid envelope. The initially known coronaviruses are (MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV) which caused fatal endemics in 2002 and 2012. At the end of 2019, a new variant of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) was discovered in Wuhan in China. SARS-CoV-2 has caused serious diseases especially in the older groups with millions of infections and deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified Covid-19 as a global health emergency on 30 January 2020 and classified it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Several companies started developing a vaccine to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Several vaccination programs have been approved and are currently used against Covid-19. Objectives: The work aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the approved mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Method: The work was based on reviewing published, scientific articles that examined safety and efficacy of mRNA-based vaccines (Pfizer BionTech BNT162b and mRNA-1273 Modern). In total there were five clinical trials selected from Pubmed. Two studies examined the safety and efficacy of mRNA-1273 Moderna and three other studies examined the safety and effectiveness of the Pfizer BionTech BNT162b. Results: Both vaccines have shown good safety and efficacy and were well tolerated in patients in different ages. mRNA-based vaccines have shown mild to moderate symptoms that were higher after dose 2 and disappeared after a few days. Both Pfizer BionTech and Modern mRNA-1273 have shown efficiencies over 90%.