Examensarbete : Förebyggande av vårdrelaterade sårinfektioner hos patienter som genomgått kejsarsnitt

Sammanfattning: Background: Surgical site infection after cesarean section is common. It is the health care’s task to prevent surgical site infection from happening. And anticipate the risk factors that contribute to surgical site infection emerge. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevention care of surgical site infection associated with cesarean sections. Methods: The method used was literature review. The search was performed on the databases CINAHL and Pubmed. Keywords were developed through Swedish MESH. 11 quantitative articles were included in this study. The theoretical reference that was chosen was suffering.  Results: The result showed that preventive care had a major impact on reducing the risk of surgical site infection after caesarean sections. Four domains were developed to prevent surgical site infection and risk factors for surgical site infection, associated with caesarean sections. These were preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative actions to prevent surgical site infections and risk factors for surgical site infections. The preoperative care was prophylaxis with anitbiotics and the time of administration, hair removal, antiseptics, administration of steroids and the comparison between klorhexedine and providone-iodine. Intraoperative care was non-absorbable sutures, wound length, comparison between sutures and surgical staples, contractor made of plastic, safety checklist and hair removal. The postoperative care was DACC- impregnated dressings. Risk factors was high BMI, obesity (BMI>30), skin rupture when using surgical staples, diabetes type 1 and 2, high age, previous cesarean section, smoking and emergency cesarean section. Conclusion: To reduce the risk for surgical site infections, the hospital staff should design clear guidelines based on evidence based research. It is important to prevent the risk of healthcare associated infections before surgery. Keywords: Surgical site infection, cesarean section, prevention, risk factors