Avfallshantering inom nyproduktion : Metoder för minskat avfall inom byggproduktion

Sammanfattning: Over the years, Sweden have been good at reducing landfilling of waste and increasing recycling, but we have not been as good at reducing the amount of waste. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has begun to work towards reducing Sweden's waste amount, where one of the priority areas is the construction sector. Prevention is only a small part of the waste management itself. The biggest difference is made in material handling and resource efficiency.  The aim of this project is to investigate through a case study how new production in construction manages to reduce its climate footprint by reducing its waste measured in kg / BTA. The goal of the project is to present compiled statistics on the waste management of selected new production projects and draw conclusions from the connection between the statistics and working methods. The study is a case study based on six randomly selected projects carried out by Peab Sverige AB, locally in Umeå, Sweden. The study was conducted by studying documents and already collected data as well as qualitative, semi-structured interviews with key roles for each project. The waste statistics show that only one of the six projects meets the goal of 25 kg / BTA. The worst result is 62.82 kg / BTA. The results regarding working methods show that there is no concrete strategy at company level to reach the target of 25 kg / BTA. The purchasing department is largely centrally controlled because Peab works with long-term framework agreements with nationwide suppliers and contractors. Furthermore, the results showed that some projects chose prefabricated solutions but that most elements were built on site. Most projects stored their material indoors or in tents except for one project that stored their material outdoors, sometimes not covered up. On those projects, material had to be thrown away because it was unprotected. The same project also had problems with construction defects that led to the need to demolish and redo. Most projects used Peab's planning form VPP (Visual Production Planning) in addition to one project. Follow-ups and feedback of experience differ between the projects. All projects use experience feedback after the end of the project, but not all did follow ups on individual steps. The conclusions that could be drawn from the study are that storage of material should take place in tents or indoors to reduce waste due to damaged materials, only if just-in-time deliveries are not possible. Furthermore, the study showed that neither type nor size of project has an impact on the amount of waste measured in kg / BTA. Because each project is unique, it is difficult to compare the work of site managers because they do not use the same methods. Experience feedback would therefore need more space between the projects. Good communication, planning and coordination are fundamental if dealing with problems that arise in production and to be able to continue working towards reducing waste at construction sites.