Effektivare mark- och anläggningsarbeten genom industriella processer

Sammanfattning: The purpose of the study is to investigate how today's excavation and foundation work, in a traditional construction process, can change towards a more efficient production with the aim of shortening lead times in the work performed by the contractor. By taking advantage of the benefits and strengths of industrial housing construction, the study intends to respond to if excavation and foundation work can be industrialized and, if so, how such an industrial process affects efficiency and, in the end, lead times. Furthermore, the study aims at investigating how business strategies, such as Lean production, can contribute to a changed and improved building process between developers and contractors. The method of the study consists partly of a case study and partly of a literature review. The case study includes interviews, observations and document studies at the companies Skanska Sverige AB and BoKlok Housing AB. The business unit at Skanska that has been subject to the case study is Väg och anläggning, region Syd. At BoKlok it is mainly marknadsområde Öresund that has been included in the study. Qualitative interviews have been conducted with interview persons from both companies in a variety of professional roles. The interviews have been supplemented with documentary studies of project-specific documents as well as materials from other business units and regions within Skanska. In addition, a lead-time analysis has been carried out together with a number of employees from Väg- och anläggning to investigate the possibilities for shorter lead times and how such a change might be possible. The study's literature review has, in principle, elapsed during the whole study. Mostly, the author has read and used literature that deals with industrial construction and how industrial house-building and industrial excavation and foundation work can be characterized. The theory chapter, together with the results of the case study, forms the basis for the two final chapters in the study: analysis and conclusion. In the conclusion, the author intends to answer the problem statements of the study. The study shows that there is great potential for change; with relatively simple means today's process between developer and contractor in construction projects can be improved, primarily through better planning and a clearer structure. By identifying extended collaboration in the early stages based on an industrial process, good conditions are provided for a more efficient production. The study also presents a number of recommendations or action proposals that if they are implemented can contribute to shorter lead times and minor variations in the work performed. However, an improvement work is required throughout the organization, with management and support from top level. Only then can an industrial process get full impact and full capacity.