Havs och landbaserad vindkraft : Riksintressen av varierande etableringspotential

Sammanfattning: In line with Swedens climate goals, aiming to achieve 49% renewable energy production until 2020, expansion of wind power is an important growth sector. The wind power production is estimated to be increased from 11%, of the total electricity production in Sweden, to 30% during these years. This is an extensive expansion of wind power as an energy source, resulting in greater demands on community planning of future wind parks. To reach future goals, implementations of this kind of technology needs to be focused on locations with potential for a high production. This fact is clear and Energimyndigheten has with this focus, since 2004, marked locations suitable for wind power production, mostly based on wind speeds and area sizes. These marked places are called national interests for wind usage and are located both inlands and on water. Here, a distinction exists between water-and land based wind parks regarding generally greater wind velocities, larger establishments surfaces and higher implementation- and maintaining costs for the first-mentioned space. However, future wind power implementations need to be place efficient. This means that establishment of wind parks inside sights of national interests for wind usage needs to have potential to be fully exploitable. This is not a matter of course today. The establishment potential, introduced in this study, differs from place to place. This fact depends on unique site-specific conditions, defined by local interests and often presented in protected areas of other natures, which is challenging for investors and planners of this technology. This study deepens itself in the social planning of wind power in Sweden, focusing on the establishment potential between water-and land-based locations of national interest for wind usage. To receive a theory of which of the spaces that has the largest establishment potential, conflicting interests and calculated establishment degrees are analyzed for a case study. The results show a potential which is in favor of the water areas, which should be considered in future planning of wind parks. The study also analyzes the national situation and intends to explain the large loss of establishment degree that exists for water-based locations in this extended picture. A loss that in this study is explained by a, for now, undeveloped exploitation of these areas due to technical difficulties and financial issues.