The use of velocity-based training in strength and power training - A systematic review

Sammanfattning: Background: The intensity or load of a strength training exercise is commonly considered to be the most important factor contributing to muscular strength and power. Traditionally in strength training, intensity is defined as the percentage of the maximum weight that can be lifted once i.e. 1 repetition maximum. For power development exercises, the velocity can be used to measure the intensity. A linear position transducer is able to measure kinetic and kinematic variables. Velocity-based training refers to the usage of a linear position transducer to track movement velocity of an exercise and thus, using velocity, rather than load, as a measurement of intensity. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to provide an analysis of the existing velocity-based training research utilizing a linear position transducer. The study also aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of different commercial linear position transducers for kinetic and kinematic measurements.   Method: A systematic review was conducted from 19 studies on velocity-based training that met the selection criteria and underwent a quality assessment. Results: It was possible to predict the 1 repetition maximum using velocity and the minimal velocity threshold was stable across different relative intensities. Performing squats at either maximal velocity, or stopping at a velocity loss of <40% could significantly improve 1 repetition maximum, increase mean velocity during a set of squats as well as vertical jump performance. Two linear position transducer were found to have excellent validity and reliability for both kinetic and kinematic measurements. Conclusion: Velocity-based training was beneficial for enhancing neuromuscular adaptions and could be used to predict the 1 repetition maximum. When using of a linear position transducer for power development, it is suggested that it is valid and reliable for both kinetic and kinematic measurements.