Dagsljus i stadsplaneringen : En fallstudie i Norra Djurgårdsstaden
Sammanfattning: Daylight has, since the mid 1900’s, been controlled in Swedish construction when Sweden achieved prosperity in society. Since then, the issue in how you plan for the best daylight conditions has had a number of major changes for it to become today’s functional requirement, controlled by Boverket and its building regulations BBR. The requirement has although been questioned lately as the building process has become much more complex which has renewed an interest of the issue during the 2000’s. That humans need daylight to feel good and to stay healthy is commonly known while it also can enable great savings in the energy use. The purpose of this study is therefore to study if the daylight issue is an important urban planning aspect and how good daylight conditions could be achieved when planning new residential areas. The goal is to evaluate the daylight conditions in Norra Djurgårdsstaden (Stockholm Royal Seaport), Stockholm’s environmentally-friendly urban development project, and its segments Västra, Norra 1 and 2. The goal is also to study how the issue was dealt with during the planning and building process. As a result, I hope that the study will generate interest and knowledge in how the daylight issue may be handled in the early stages of urban planning. The study is designed as a case study in order to, in an explorative way, investigate and briefly evaluate the daylight conditions of Norra Djurgårdsstaden. The study has embraced the method Vertical Sky Component, VSC, in order to provide a first indicator about the daylight conditions and to, in the early stages of urban planning, show upon possible improvements. As complementary work, studies of planning documents and interviews was made in order to investigate if and how the daylight issue was dealt with during the planning and building process. The results showed that the studied segments of Norra Djurgårdsstaden achieves relatively good daylight conditions and the problem lies within the limited daylight access where the segment Västra has the worst conditions. However, the current daylight conditions on the facades was improved in a later stage during the building process to reach the national requirement. The VSC-study alone can’t therefore investigate the actual daylight conditions in houses. The municipality has rarely brought up daylight as an issue in current planning documents but more frequently in later ones. This is also the trend in how the issue has been prioritized over time. The reasons behind this proved to be current urban planning trends and tough energy requirements along with new environmental certifications for buildings. Knowledge is also a key factor for the increasing interest in the daylighting issues, mostly brought up by builders. No discussions about the issues has occurred for the segment Västra in the early stages of urban planning as it is controlled in the latter permit process. This study shows that this is problematic and the issue needs to be discussed earlier in order to create better conditions to fulfil the national requirements. Yet again, knowledge and also awareness of the daylight issue is important. Today’s requirement set by Boverket has proven to be complicated to relate to during the urban planning and building process. Therefore, a development with clearer demands, directives, better interpretations and to some extent new calculation methods is needed. VSC could here be lifted as a possible method in order to easily and comprehensively analyse daylight conditions in early planning stages. The results from this studies’ VSC calculations highlighted some lack of sufficient daylight conditions and that it is possible to improve it and maintain the same degree of exploitation depending on how you plan.
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