Klimatanpassad byggnad för varma somrar och kalla vintrar

Sammanfattning: Outdoor climate has considerable impact on the indoor climate and it is therefore important to adapt the buildings to the climate. This thesis shows how to improve indoor climate in a climate which it is hot, dry in the summer and cold in the winter. My investigative unit is a middle class house in the town Baalbek in Lebanon and the purpose of the study is to come up with proposals on possible solutions in order to improve indoor air quality and lower energy consumption. Through the various simulations with the energy program DEROB-LTH, I compared different types of changes which are adapted both to summer and winter climates. I have chosen to look on aspects like insulated external walls and ceilings, sun shielding of windows, various types of sun shielding of the entire roof and, night ventilation during the summer, with a purpose to achieve comfortable indoor climatic conditions at a reasonable cost. The results show that indoor temperature during the summer was improved compared to the base case and energy consumption to heat the home during the winter decreased. During a normal summer day the maximum indoor temperature decreased from 29.2 ?C to 26.3 ?C. I think this is a good result, as this will avoid the use of air conditioning, and a floor fan is enough to improve comfort during extremely hot days. During the winter season the indoor temperature in the house was (without the addition of heat) 7.8 ?C. This low indoor temperature is due to the fact that the surface and volume of the tested house are relatively large, while the internal heat of the people who live in the house is small. By calculations of the building's energy consumption before and after the changes in the building envelope, I have shown how much energy is saved. The results show that the 100 mm insulation in the roof and exterior walls is the change that has the greatest impact. The house's electricity and oil consumption was reduced by 27 kWh/m2 in the insulation of the exterior wall and by 17 kWh/m2 in the insulation of roof (winter period). The total saved the energy consumption 8700 kWh / year, which means a saving of SEK 8300 per year. A cost estimate has been made to find out the cost of investment for selected improvements to the building envelope and for that, using the payoff method, show how long it takes to get back the investment cost. The results show that it takes 10 years for repayment of the investment.