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Sammanfattning: The purpose of this study was to investigate how high school students felt that the computer helped or hindered participation and self-esteem in the learning situation and if the students experienced any differences between when they had been relatively alone in using a computer compared to when everyone had their own computer. The starting point was the national one-to-one projects made to give every student access to a personal computer and how it affected students in special educational needs and previous research. The theoretical approach was based on socioculture/activity theory and theories of self-esteem. Ten high school students in grade one at a senior high school that previously had started up a one-to-one project was interviewed. The results showed that the students primarily used the computer to write and to search the Internet, but even as a alternative or compensatory tool. Students felt that the computer contributed to increased motivation and self-esteem and better results both in secondary and senior high school. Several students stressed the teacher's importance for if and how the computer was used as a learning tool. The main difference between the computer utilization was seen between the high school programs. Students in the individual program felt the education more individualized and customized compared to secondary school, while students in the vocational program used the computer less as a special education tool than in secondary school. Therefore, any conclusion re-garding one-to-one and its impact could not be drawn.