Litteraturstudie över BDT-vattens miljö- och hälsopåverkan, lagstiftning och lämpliga lösningar för två utvalda koloniområden i Malmö
Sammanfattning: Phosphorus and nitrogen causes eutrophication in the lakes and seas. One source for phosphorous and nitrogen is wastewater from households. To reduce the impact to the seas it is important to purify the wastewater sufficient.In my literature study I have investigated if the greywater (wastewater from bath/shower, dish och wash) has any environmental and health influence on the surroundings. I have also examined suitable wastewater treatment and the legislation. I have narrowed my study to look at two areas with a total of 918cottages (kolonier) in Malmö. My investigation shows that greywater from Almåsas fritidsby and Kölnans koloniområde is at most equal to the annual emissions of untreated wastewater, both greywater and blackwater, from 64 family houses (á 5 persons). The greywater from Almåsa and Kölnan also gives an effect as regards bacteria and viruses that are important to purify. Although emissions from each cottage may be considered small, it becomes a cumulative effect when several hundred homes in the same area releases almost untreated greywater. This shows that it is important to ensure that greywater treatment is adequate, although people lives in the cottages during summer time. Not only because the legislation, but also to reduce the impact on the Sege å and the risk of contamination of drinking water. The best wastewater treatment for the greywater from the cottages, according to my study, is the municipal sewage that takes care of both the grey- and blackwater from the households. One big counter argument is that the cost for connection is very high. But in my opinion the cost is outweigh with the environmental and health benefits. The cost for connection the wastewater to the sewage can also see as an investment in the cottage that improves the standard so that the house can have showers, dishwashers and washing machines. As an alternative option I think that he vacuum toilet for black water and a cavernous filter to purify the greywater.
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