Hur vet vi om vi skapat klimatsmarta beteenden?
Sammanfattning: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of behavioral change oriented measures to address climate change problems. Municipalities in Sweden already work with these kinds of measures, but they find it hard to apply for funding since it’s often a requirement to show the emission reductions of each project. The initial part of the study aims to understand how the members of the Climate Municipalities organization work with evaluations of these methods. This part is based on a questionnaire survey. The second aims to explore the different ways to evaluate behavioral change methods, particularly how the researchers themselves have evaluated. This part is informed by a review of relevant literature. The third and final part is an expert discussion to validate the literature review and talk about what would be good to measure and what is possible to measure from a theoretical perspective. The result of the first part shows that the Climate Municipalities mostly work with surveys as an evaluation method. Some municipalities have worked with interviews and in rare cases observations or collaborations with researchers. Different kinds of statistics, like energy consumption, are also used as a basis for evaluation. Furthermore, the literature review shows that these are the most commonly used methods in research as well. Several researchers have also pointed out great difficulties with evaluating behavioral change. However, it seems clear that working with behavioral change in parallel with hard policies can increase the acceptance of laws and regulations. The conclusion is that even though it’s almost impossible to measure the effects with today’s methods, we can’t let that stop us from continuing the important work towards a climate smart society.
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