Småskalig vattenkraft vid Olofsfors bruksmuseum : Med faunapassage

Sammanfattning: In Sweden there are 1894 small-scale hydropower plants in operation, which together generate 4.3 TWh of electricity per year according to Swedish hydropower compound (SVKF, 2011). This corresponds to the annual consumption of about 860,000 Swedish households (based on an annual consumption of 5000 kWh). In the mid-1950s there were around 4000 small-scale hydropower plants in operation in Sweden before cheap fossil fuels and uranium competed with them, in the current situation only 1,894 of these are in use. If slumbering small hydropower plants once again would be taken into use and some new ones are built, we would be able to extract about 7 TWh of renewable electricity from these annually in Sweden, representing about 1.4 million households. The thesis intends to calculate and construct a hydroelectric power plant at the existing dam in Olofsfors and give suggestions on how the power station should run during the time that fish migration is greatest in Leduån. The turbine and generator to the station in Leduån at Olofsfors is designed by the height of the fall and the water flow through the dam. The turbine selected for the station is a CK-1000RM turbine with a 4-pole 250 kW generator from Cargo & power turbine Sweden AB, which is expected to deliver 1.2 GWh per year. To facilitate the fish migration from the birth- and breeding place to the sea, the plan is to put down a 1.5 m high plate at the intake to prevent the surface water to flow through the turbine. Then you reduce the flow through the turbine to increase the flow of water through the fish ladder. This is done because the fish during their migration often swims at depth of 1 m and the fish also follows the main stream of the water. Fish migration is solely controlled by the temperature in the water. This means that you can predict when the migration takes place and perform the actions to reduce water flow through the turbine and prevent surface water passing through the turbine with the plate.