Laststyrning av eluppvärmning och varmvattenberedning : En studie av potentialen för hushåll att bidra till en sänkt abonnerad effekt mot överliggande elnät

Sammanfattning: This study has explored the potential for lowering the subscripted power of 25 MW for one of the connection points between the local power grid and its overhead power grid for a local grid owner. The potential for doing so through hard, direct load control of electrical domestic heating and domestic water heating for detached houses with a fuse size of 16-25 A is evaluated for 12 different scenarios. The scenarios are found by combining a customer participation of 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent with a maximum allowed duration for load control of two, three and four hours respectively. A function describing the need for electrical power for domestic heating as dependent of the outdoor temperature is developed and combined with a model that is used for simulating hot water usage and a model that describes the power demand of a domestic water heater. Furthermore, a control function is incorporated to ensure that households are not subjected to load control for a longer period than allowed and that all households bear the same burden in this respect.  The results show that a power of 1,0-4,1 MWh/h can be redistributed, but that the potential is heavily limited by the returning load that occurs. Due to the long duration of the critical peaks that are being redistributed, up to 5-10 hours, returning load occurs even though load control has not yet been finalized. The returning load leads to a bigger amount of power having to be redistributed and therefore limits the potential for the new subscripted power that can be achieved. Furthermore, the maximum aggregated power for the investigated year amounts to 25,9 MW. Still, a new subscripted power of 21,8–24,9 MW is theoretically deemed to be achievable. The most likely outcome however is thought to be a lowering of the subscripted power to at least 23,4–24,4 MW, having taken the composition of type of heating systems as well as the most likely customer participation into account.