Characterization of biomass pyrolysis and gasification using Raman Spectroscopy

Sammanfattning: This thesis examines the emissions formed during pyrolysis and gasification of lignocellulosic biomass in pellet form, using vibrational Raman spectroscopy. Seven different samples are studied during the pyrolysis process and six of these are also studied during gasification. For pyrolysis, the sample is placed into the center of a cruciform aluminum pipe, flushed with Ar, at room temperature. The Raman signal is then recorded as the pipe is heated up to ∼770 K, at a rate of ∼38 K/min. The gasification measurements are performed in a similar manner, with the addition of O2 , to a concentration of ∼4%, into the pipe. During pyrolysis, the samples were shown to emit traces of some species containing an -NH2 group at temperatures below 450 K, various hydrocarbons at temperatures above this, and H2O was emitted during the entire process. Data for the gasification process showed strong emissions from several >C=O groups between temperatures 450 K and 550 K, CO2 and several hydrocarbons from temperatures of 450 K and above, and CO above temperatures of 500 K.