Utsläpp till luft från ballastproduktionen år 2008

Sammanfattning: In 2008 there were 2.124 licensed pits and quarries in Sweden for primarily production of aggregate. Of these pits there were 38 % producing natural sand and 28 % producing crushed rock. The same year the primarily aggregate production was 88,2 million tonnes, where 66,8 million tonnes crushed rock and 18,8 million tonnes natural sand. The production in pits and quarries are mad up of breakages, loading and transport. The standard mechanical equipment are: one wheel loader, one excavator, one primarily crusher and one secondary crusher. These machines have the same type of motor that a truck has, where the emissions are based on a Scania Euro 3-motor. The fuel consumption is 0,8 liter per tonne. Pits that produce crushed rock have an additional 0,1 liter per tonne, due to loosening of the bedrock which results in more emissions. Emissions created by the primarily aggregate production in 2008 were: 200.000 tonnes carbon dioxide, 1.300 tonnes nitric oxides, 100 tonnes hydro carbons, 20 tonnes particles, 300 tonnes carbon monoxide and 60 kg sulphur oxides. These emissions are between 0,085 and 5,6 % of the emissions from passenger cars in Sweden. The aggregates are usually transported out of the pit and quarries with trucks. The emissions from truck transport are also based on the Scania Euro 3- motor. The fuel consumption from a truck with a trailer is approximately 0,55 liter per kilometer. A truck with a trailer often load 36 tonnes. A comparison of emissions from the production of 36 tonne aggregate and the transport of 36 tonne, showed that the truck can drive 25 km out from the pit before the emissions from the transport is higher than from the production. Today the production of natural sand is controlled by an environmental goal in Sweden. The production of natural sand can maximum be 12 million tonnes per year. This is a goal that Sweden does not make. However, the material replacing natural sand is crushed rock. The production of crushed rock takes place in few, big pits far away from the consumers, while the natural sand production takes place in many, small pits close to the consumers. As a result the transports of aggregate are increasing, which makes the emissions to air greater.