Uttrycksmönster av kiseltransportörgener hos Chaetoceros affinis med realtids-PCR

Sammanfattning: Diatoms are photosynthetic protists that reside in aquatic environments. A unique feature of diatoms is their cell wall structure made of silica. Silicon is a limiting nutrient for diatoms. The bioavailable form of silicon in aquatic environments is silicic acid. Since the intracellular concentration of silicon is many times greater than the extracellular concentration in aquatic habitats, silicon transporters (SIT) are required that actively transports silicic acid into the cell. In the diatom Chaetoceros affinis two such transporters have been reported, SIT1 (CaSIT1) and SIT2 (CaSIT2). Gene expression of CaSIT1 is increased at low extracellular concentration of silicic acid (<30 µM), while at higher concentrations the transportation is dominated by diffusion. On the contrary, CaSIT2 does not seem to be affected by variations in environmental silicic acid concentrations, and its role in the transportation of silicic acid remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative gene expression of CaSIT1 and CaSIT2 in C. affinis, using realtime-PCR. The diatom was cultivated in two media: one with full nutrients (control) and one without added silicon (-Si). In addition, C. affinis was also cultivated with a second diatom, Cylindrotheca fusiformis, in respective media (mixed cultivation). Due to extensive primer-dimers, CaSIT2 was excluded from the proceeding analysis of the samples. Analysis showed that the relative gene expression of CaSIT1 was increased by silica limitation (ANOVA: p < 0,05), in accordance with previous studies. The effect of competition however resulted in a decrease of gene expression (ANOVA: p < 0,05). The combined effect, the interaction of competition and silica limitation, did not result in a significant change of the gene expression (ANOVA: p = 0,38). However, there was an increased variation among the mixed cultures, which could be a result of RNA degradation considering the poor RNA quality of the samples. The results from this study show that realtime-PCR is an effective method to measure gene expression of silica transporters, provided that the primers have been correctly evaluated.