Analys av mikronät : Genomgång av regelverk och teknoekonomiskutvärdering av mikronätet i Fjärås

Sammanfattning: The basis for Swedish electrical laws is a safe, fair and effective distribution. However, the speed of development and transition to more renewable electrical production is by some described as outpacing the inertia of the current regulatory framework. This has given rise to questions regarding the most suitable way to integrate photovoltaic systems into residential areas around the country. Currently the most cost-effective way for a property owner to install photovoltaic systems on multiple buildings is to adapt their sizes and production to match the smallest electrical consumption during peak hours of production for each building. This is due to a price difference when buying and selling electricity off the electrical grid. This cost optimization incentive can be argued to discourage a technical optimization, in which property owners could have installed larger systems based on the availability and suitability of their rooftops. Examined in this thesis is one suggested solution, privately owned microgrids, where property owners interconnect their closely situated properties with photovoltaic systems installed. This to better utilize their electrical production by distributing it over different consumption patterns, resulting in a higher percentage of self-use. This examination is done by evaluating an existing pilot projectin Fjärås, Kungsbacka. The system consists of four residential buildings, two of which have photovoltaic systems installed and one subcenter with a photovoltaic system and a battery for energy storage. Each building in this microgrid is by itself connected to the conventional grid. The consumption load of; the five buildings in the microgrid, four prospective additions as well as infrastructure for charging electrical vehicles will be compiled, and the the production of existing and potential photovoltaic systems simulated. These will then be compared to determine the impact a microgrid has on self-use of electricity and the cost effectiveness of such a system. Additionally the current regulations and potential future changes to these are laid out and interviews held with local grid owners to assess their opinion on such systems.