Inköpsstrategi - En portföljanalys av inköpsartiklar

Sammanfattning: The company, Aimpoint, most important products are red dot sights which are produced in Malmö and Gällivare. These production plants had a demand of doubling their production capacity during 2003 and during 2004 there is a demand of additionally doubling the capacity. The purchasing department has been under large pressure due to the great increase in production volume. Much of the present work at the department is based on experience and sense. A framework that describes which is the most important aspects (conditions, decisions etc.) to consider for the articles doesn’t exist. The aim of this project is to create a model which can be used to give the purchasing department a better structure in their work. There is also a plan to use the model with four articles and in conclusion to evaluate the suitability of model for Aimpoint. To apply the model, four different articles were chosen, all of them included in a red dot sight. The articles are: a lens, a switch, a diode and a battery, each with individual characteristics and supply market. The model is created of three other models which are connected. One of them is Kraljic’s matrix, where all articles can be classified by their price and supply market complexity. These two dimensions build up four quadrants (routine, leverage, bottleneck and strategic articles). The second model is called the time perspective model and can be found in each of the four quadrants in Kraljic’s matrix. This model describes how the purchasing activities are related to each other in a time perspective. It can be a question of long term strategic activities or short term activities like receiving inspection and order placement.The third and last model is the purchasing dimension model and can also be found in each one of the quadrants of the Kraljic’s matrix. The four dimensions in this model are the technical, administrative, commercial and logistical. For each article one or a few is the most important. After the analyses and the classification most important issues of the articles appeared. For the routine component (the battery) the short-term perspective is the most important one, this together with simplifications of the logistics and of the administrative handling but also on the commercial (negotiations, contracts). For the leverage component (the switch) the short-term perspective is the most important one. Streamline the logistics and focusing on the commercial part are two other important issues. For the bottleneck component (the diode) the long term activities are the most important. The technical and logistic dimensions are the most important. Further more, the administrative activities should be simplified. For the strategic component (the lens) the long term issues are the most important. The logistic and technical dimensions are the most important. The study shows that the three combined models can be used for the four chosen articles but also for many other articles and other companies as well. The four articles are good representatives for the four different classes in Kraljic’s matrix (routine, leverage, bottleneck and strategic articles). Through this study important issues have been illustrated, which are similar for all the articles classed in the same class in Kraljic’s matrix. Hereby a general model has been created to simplify and make the work in the purchasing department more efficient.