UPPSALA UNIVERSITETSHUS - Brandteknisk riskvärdering

Sammanfattning: Uppsala University building was built in the 19th century. A larger renovation was conducted in 2016, when the buildings fire protection systems was improved. This report investigates and evaluates the existing fire protection with consideration to both human safety and economic damage. After conducting a risk scenario analysis, two scenarios where determined to be more crucial to investigate than the others. For one scenario a fire initiated in the provisional closet, used during larger events, and for the other a fire on the auditorium stage. These two cases were analyzed by using a CFD-model for the fire and a continuous model for evacuation. The software’s used was FDS and Pathfinder. With simulations in FDS and Pathfinder the time until critical values could be determined, as well as an estimated total evacuation time. The results for the fire initiated in the auditorium showed that the total evacuation time exceeded the time until critical values were met. After 100 seconds the smoke layer height became critical in the auditorium and after an additional 15 seconds visibility was critical on the terrace. Additionally, after 209 seconds the visibility was critical on the ground level in the auditorium. After 153 seconds the audience from the terrace was evacuated and after, in total, 313 seconds the remaining audience had also evacuated. As the audience safety could not be certified recommended measures were necessary. For the fire in the provisional closet, time until critical values exceeded the time necessary for total evacuation. The total evacuation took 160 seconds and the affected parameter that reached critical values, which was visibility, was reached after 195 seconds. To investigate how the input data for the simulations affect the results, a sensitivity analysis was conducted for both cases. Recommended improvements are as follows: • Technical solution for the auditorium– Smoke ventilation is recommended for the auditorium since the smoke layer and visibility reach critical conditions. • Blinking lights that activate when alarm initiates– To make people more aware of the doors in evacuation, blinking lights above the doors is a recommended measure. This is based on research within human behavior in fire, connected to the theory of affiliation and the theory of affordances. • Routines for evacuation – to make people more prepared for an emergency a short safety tutorial should be performed at every event. The introduction would inform people about the different exits. Since the interior of the building has a large historical and economic value, emphasis has been on solutions that would be effective whilst preserving the building. In consequence, to reduce the evacuation time instead of increasing the time until critical conditions by the means of technical solutions.