Performance evaluation of ground source heat pump heating systems in Stockholm

Sammanfattning: GSHP systems are common in Sweden but there are few evaluations quantifying the performance of the systems and highlighting problem that occurs during operations. The research project Annex 52 Long-term performance measurement of GSHP systems serving commercial, institutional and multifamily building part of IEA HPT TCP proves the need to systematically be able to evaluate GSHP systems. This thesis aims to expand the knowledge of how to evaluate GSHP systems and provide case studies for Annex 52. Three residential ground source heating systems used for heating has been evaluated and analyzed in this study. The evaluation has consisted of three parts. The first part analyzes the operation and stability of the GSHP systems. The second part consist of a detailed study of the performance of the GSHP systems. The seasonal performance factor has been calculated for different system boundaries based on the work done by SEPEMO. In addition, a method on how to evaluate the efficiency of the heat pumps based on the two temperature levels, source side temperature and the heat sink temperature, that the heat pump is operating at throughout a year has been developed within this thesis. This has included a method on how to normalize the temperatures based on the operation of the heat pump in order to quantify one temperature for each the two temperature levels. The third part consist of a comparison of the mean secondary fluid temperature between the calculated temperature using the software EED and the measured temperatures. This includes a comparison evaluation and sensitivity analysis on input parameters during the design of the borehole heat exchanger fields. This study has expanded the available reference cases of GSHP systems in Sweden. It also can be used as a guideline for those who will evaluate future GSHP systems. Designers of GSHP system will also benefit from the recommendations listed in this thesis regarding instrumentation and possible problems that may occur. The results show that the evaluation successfully managed to quantify the performance and operational issues that have occurred for each system. The method developed in this study was able to quantify the operation of the different systems based on the temperature levels and can be used for future GSHP evaluations of similar system type.