Hydrogen-enabled Decarbonization in the Industrial Sector

Sammanfattning: With the increase of global emissions and the development of renewable energy, the application of more clean energy to industrial emission reduction has become an increasingly important topic. In metal production, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated due to the wide application of carbon. Thus, using hydrogen instead of carbon to achieve industrial decarbonization is a way to reduce emissions. Four modes for supplying hydrogen to Höganäs AB and Boliden AB are analyzed and investigated in this work. The four modes are i) on-site hydrogen production. ii) Blending hydrogen into natural gas pipelines.iii) Hydrogen pipeline delivery. iv) Liquid hydrogen truck. These modes are compared in different aspects,such as cost and CO2 emission. To model different modes, some data are assumed, and some are obtained from external sources. All modes need to meet each company’s hydrogen demand, which is estimated at 2000 kg per day. Furthermore, the costs of modes are operated and calculated in Python. One step further, the emissions of each mode are simulated and compared in Matlab. Finally, the most cost-effective and low emission mode for each company can be devised. The results show that the most cost-effective mode for Höganäs AB and Boliden AB is on-site hydrogenproduction. The full load hour is 10 hours per day to meet the hydrogen demand of companies. The cost is proportional to the full load hour and hydrogen mass flow, but inversely proportional to electricity price. The lowest cost, which is 4.07 €/kg, occurs at maximal full load hours and lowest electricity price. The pipeline delivery options are the lowest-emissions options, but the entire mode has high emissions due to the hydrogen production from the site plant. The liquid hydrogen truck is feasible for long-distance delivery.