Optimal configuration for a bio-solar-wind polygeneration system in Klintehamn

Sammanfattning: This project concentrates on the energy flows of Klintehamn and examines if it is possible for Klintehamn to be self-sufficient in the future. To reach this goal, the energy flows in Klintehamn must be analyzed. Subsequently, a new improved energy flow has been designed, where other renewable energy sources are included. Klintehamn is an urban area on the Swedish island of Gotland. An industrial park is established in the harbour of Klintehamn, and currently a sawmill, a fodder production facility and a few wind turbines are located in the area. A program, Program Klintehamn 2030, outlines opportunities to develop Klintehamn in many areas. The goals for Klintehamn are to increase the use of renewable energy sources and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. More specifically, this includes building a biogas plant by evolving the already established sewage treatment plant, and increasing the use of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy. Models of the Current Energy System and the Improved Energy System have been designed during the project. Calculations of the Current Energy System have been made and for the Improved Energy System, seven scenarios have been constructed. The calculations program, Matlab, has been used for all calculations. The following scenarios have been modeled in this project: • Scenario 1 - Development of biogas • Scenario 2 - Increased wind power • Scenario 3 - Development of solar park • Scenario 4 - Development of solar panels • Scenario 5 - Combination 1, scenario 1-4 added into one system • Scenario 6 - Combination 2, 100% renewable energy • Scenario 7 - Combination 3, development of Scenario 5, with more renewable energy In the Current Energy System, the total yearly energy demand is 3.423 TWh, where 3.405 TWh is electricity and 18.2 GWh is heat. The future demand of electricity and heat will be 3.407 TWh and 265 GWh per year, respectively. Scenario 5 is the first combined scenario, where the current energy and all renewable energy sources are included. The generated electricity in that scenario is not enough to satisfy the electricity demand. Scenario 6 consists of 100% renewable energy sources. To achieve the energy demand of Klintehamn all the renewable energy sources have been maximized in order to become self-sufficient. It generated an absurd result, which was far from realistic. Scenario 7 is an expansion of Scenario 5 but with more renewable energy. All energy sources have been expanded and Scenario 7 generates 108 GWh of electricity. Scenario 5 and Scenario 7 are two reasonable scenarios with reasonable amounts of renewable energy installed, but with different levels of ambition. The conclusion of the project is that, it is possible to improve the current energy system. The energy system can become more sustainable and fossil energy sources can be removed and replaced by renewable energy sources. In order for Klintehamn to be self-sufficient, more energy sources must be included, for example wave power.