Validation of the Westinghouse BWR nodal core simulator POLCA8 against Serpent2 reference results

Sammanfattning: When a new nodal core simulator is developed, like all other simulators, it must go through an extensive verification and validation effort where, in the first stage, it will be tested against appropriate reference tools in various theoretical benchmark problems. The series of tests consist of comparing several geometries, from the simplest to the most complex, by simulating them with the nodal core simulator developed and with some higher order solver representing the reference solution, in this case on the Serpent2 Monte Carlo transport code. The aim of this master’s thesis is to carry out one part of these tests. It consisted in simulating a three-dimensional (3D) 2x2 mini boiling water reactor (BWR) core with the latest version of the Westinghouse BWR nodal core simulator POLCA8, and in comparing the outcome of these simulations against Serpent2 reference results. Prior to this work, POLCA8 was successfully tested on a 3D single-channel benchmark problem using the same Serpent2/POLCA8 methodology. However, this benchmark problem considered in this work is challenging in several aspects. Indeed, the nodal core simulator should accurately predict the eigenvalues and power distribu- tions against reference results, and this by taking into account axial leakage, resulting from the passage from two-dimensional (2D) infinite lattice physics calculations to 3D simulations, or strong axial flux gradients due to the insertion or withdrawal of the control rods after a certain depletion. This last effect is known as the Control Blade History (CBH) effect and will be the main focus of this study. In addition to the development of a new version of the nodal core simulator, a new version of the Westinghouse deterministic transport code PHOENIX5 is also under development. The accuracy of PHOENIX5 was indirectly tested through this benchmark by providing the cross sections for the POLCA8 simulations. In addition, Serpent2 based nodal cross sections were generated to POLCA8 to provide means of comparing these two sets of nodal cross section data. The results obtained lead to the conclusion that the CBH model gives very good results, especially with regard to all power distributions, and especially those after the removal of the control bars when needed most.keywords: Nodal Core Analysis, Monte Carlo Methods, CBH Effects