Japansk 2D grafisk animation : uppkomst och influenser

Sammanfattning: In 1896, a French cinema pioneer named George Méliès demonstrated that an object could be set to motion by changing the objects shape or movement frame by frame. But it was not until the early 1900s that this specific genre of filmmaking became a great success. The animations were essentially short and were animated and published in The United States of America. The interest in animated movies began to increase, not only in the west, but also in Europe and Asia. The art of animation grew especially popular in Japan, and emerged as a parallel to Japanese comic books known more commonly as Manga.The history of Japanese animation is not as commonly known as the history of American animation. Most people know of Disney and how Walt Disney changed the world of animation. Most people also know that Disney was the first company to release an animated feature film in color- Snow White (1937). But there are not many people outside of the Asian countries that know the history of Japanese animation- How Japanese animation started out and later evolved and affected the Western form of animation.The aim of this thesis is to provide the reader with insight into the history of Japanese animation. To give the reader knowledge of where Japanese animation originated and why, and also to bring forth the factors that affected Japanese animators in the development of animated movies in the early 1900s and forward.A study of previous material on this subject was done in order to answer these questions. Both printed material and electronically downloaded material was collected and amazed in order to obtain information to specific background materials and information about the history of animation in Japan.It was concluded that in order to get an insight in the Japanese animation history, it was necessary to analyze the Japanese art traditions of Ukiyo-e, which according to many scientist, are the original roots of the Japanese art of anime and manga.Through the analysis it also becomes clear that manga and anime is not simply a copy if it’s western counterparts, but a combination of both Japanese and western styles. In this way the Japanese tradition of manga and anime have survived but undergone a form of renewal through the years.