Hantering av sociala risker i fysisk planering – Utveckling av en metod för social riskhantering i detaljplaneprocessen

Sammanfattning: With the need for housing in Sweden high and steadily growing, there is now more emphasis than before on urban expansion in cities. Built areas consist of social relationships, structures and contacts which can be described as social risks when they lead to negative effects. Social effects are altered by changes in the physical environment, which is why it is essential to properly plan out these expansions so that cities can grow in a sustainable manner. To manage the social needs in the planning process, planers need knowledge. This research has examined how spatial planning can be used for social risk management, by developing a method to use in land use planning. Eight criteria has been set for the social risk management method. The research has been conducted by literature review, interviews and practical experiences from the land use plan of ‘Holma square’ in Malmö. The case Holma square has showed the need of managing social risks in an early stage of the planning process, otherwise negative consequences may arise which can be difficult to change afterwards. The literature review has resulted in that no existing instrument alone fulfils all criteria, why a method for managing social risks in land use planning has been designed. The method contains seven steps, and proceeds from the risks that can be managed with measures in the physical environment. The method is meant to be an instrument for planners to use when planning for new construction in existing areas where social needs must be taken into consideration.