"slut mä däj, ja här nu" - små barns tillträden i förskolan : En observationsstudie av de yngsta barnens användande av kommunikativa resurser vid förhandlingar i förskolan

Sammanfattning: The aim of the study is to investigate the communicative resources used by children when negotiating for access, studying such things as what communicative methods they use, for what purpose, and when children use an adult as a resource for communication. This is a qualitative study based on structured non-participatory observations using field notes, and for the analysis I use an ethnographic method. The study takes off in a socio-cultural perspective on learning. The children in the study are aged 1-3 years and there are 9 children in total being observed. The results from the study show that children use different resources at different types of access. When they want to seek access to a game they use artefacts/objects/items, their body or their voice. When they want to invite to a game, they use artifacts, voices, or moves. When they want to negotiate about leadership in a game they use artefacts, their bodies, or an adult as a communicative resource. It has been shown that artifacts are very important for children's negotiations on access to play. The adult is used as a communicative resource when the children themselves feel they can not cope with the situation themselves. Movement is used as a communicative resource by the children to attract other children to follow and thus invite play and take the lead role.