Analys av byggnadstekniska utrymningslösningar i äldre kvartersbebyggelse

Sammanfattning: Due to a combination of changes in the societal view on fire safety along with reconstruction and renovations, the fire rescue services are no longer able to act as an alternative escape route from some buildings in urban parts of large cities. This thesis aims to survey how widespread the problem is, as well as identify and evaluate different solutions. Surveys and interviews were conducted to evaluate solutions meant to create a new alternative escape route, and simulations were carried out in FDS to evaluate solutions meant to enhance the existing stairwell with regard to fire safety. The results show that the problem mostly exists in the larger cities in Sweden, namely Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö, and Lund, and is bound to older buildings. A number of different solutions were identified, and the analysis concluded that fire escape stairs that stretch to the ground as well as an exterior corridor that leads to another stairwell could be viewed as good as or better than the prescriptive building codes in Sweden. No analyzed solution meant to enhance the existing stairwell was better with regards to fire safety than the Tr2-stairwell, which is the only prescriptive solution in Swedish building codes that allow only one escape route from residential buildings under 16 floors. However, the analyzed solutions are discussed as to why they might or might not provide sufficient ASET.