Smarta lokala energisystem, Vision-Teknik-Tillämpning

Sammanfattning: The energy sector is facing an impending paradigm shift. Today’s technology enables the end-user to generate their own energy locally at home. Furthermore, recently developed storage technologies make it possible to balance energy demand with stored energy and integrate district heating with the local power grid. This means that in the future heat and electric power will interact and energy flows is converted over energy boundaries. This places high demands on the energy systems dynamic and adaptive functions as a whole. Distributed System Operator (DSO) will therefore need to transform the local energy system, which requires initial investment of energy technology and intelligent system solutions that are technically efficient, flexible, and economically viable.Halmstad Energi och Miljö (HEM) owns a local energy system that is well prepared to implement the vision of a sustainable energy system. The city of Halmstad has politically established that renewable energy will play a more crucial role in the future. A greater proportion of "locally-generated" renewable energy will be implemented in this reference system that includes about 60 000 inhabitants, a great number of different heating/cooling customers and 40,000 electricity customers.In the future, it will be required by HEM to integrate intelligent energy solutions, where energy consumers are increasingly micro generation and able to control their energy demand patterns according to the most economical forecast. The local energy system needs to be able to handle a larger share of intermittent electricity from solar, wind or hydropower that can automatically interact with thermal energy from biomass and waste in a flexible, efficient and economical manner. The project group therefore advice HEM to urgently take steps to reserve the rights to a future aggregator role within the municipality. For this to be possible, new business models and contracts are examined within the energy branch.This master thesis provides suggestions for an appropriate mix of energy that can be achieved by 2030 for the reference system. The proposed energy mix generates 20% of the electricity demand and 100% heat production (except peak load) locally from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) according to local political goals. It also provides suggestions for alternative technological configurations where electricity and district heating systems interact across system boundaries.