Arbetsmiljöpåverkan vid val av stommaterial : En jämförelse av arbetsmiljö med avseende på risk och olyckor i projekt med prefabricerad betong respektive KL-trä

Sammanfattning: As shown by many contemporary studies, cross-laminated timber – a relatively new construction material – has seen increased used as a frame material in Sweden in recent years. In most previous case studies, frame materials were often compared in terms of environmental impact, construction time and economy. One such study showed that carbon dioxide emissions are twice as large when working with prefabricated concrete elements. Therefore, the authors have chosen to examine the work environment more thoroughly; the work environment is thus the basis for the comparison in this study, with a focus on the production phase. In this study, the work environment is examined and compared in two different completed projects. One project consists of cross-glued wooden elements and the other of prefabricated concrete frame. This project is carried out in collaboration with the company Skanska. The construction industry is constantly evolving, changing from day to day; as a result, it can be difficult to create order and a healthy work environment when there are several corporations involved in the same project. Each project is unique and has its own requirements for the work environment, which in turn makes it difficult for management to create a good work environment for the employees. Abiding by the regulations concerning the working environment is also not easy due to the many individuals that move through it, from customers to the various contractors. This can lead to risky work situations, which in turn increase the likelihood of occupational injuries.  The methods used to answer the study's questions consist of a literature study, a case study and a qualitative study. The literature study provided information about basic laws and regulations regarding work environment issues. The case study, which involved two different cases, allowed for a better understanding of the real situations and events that occur at construction sites. With the help of the interview surveys, the authors were able to get answers to the specific questions that could not be answered through the literature study alone. It was concluded that, from a work environment perspective, the use of concreteinvolves greater risks than that of cross-glued wood. The results of the risk analysis carried out during the various work steps likewise showed that the use of cross-glued wood as a frame involves less risk than concrete. The information obtained through the interviews also corroborated these results.