Sömn, måltider och fysisk aktivitet hos yrkesförare under dygn med arbete och ledighet.

Sammanfattning: Karin Holmkvist (2014) Sleep, meals and physical activity among professional drivers during the day with work and spare time. Master’s thesis in health at work. University of Gävle.   Night work and irregular work hours affects social and biological rhythms in activity, eating, sleep and metabolism. Researchshows how theworking conditions andworking hours affect professional drivers´ lifestyle and there is a negative impact on their health. The aim of this cross sectional study was to describe and compare living rhythms of professional drivers. Six drivers participated. Three driver´s had daytime work and three driver´s had shiftwork. Self report data on work hours, sleep, sleep quality, meal and meal frequency was collected by either a smartphone application or a paper correspondent diary. During the same period physical activity was measured by an activity meter attached to the leg. The results show that drivers on averageslept7hoursno matter workdayor spare time (non significant).The results indicatethat driversfelt they hadagoodsleep quality.The resultshows thatdriverseat different types of meals like breakfast, lunch, dinner or having a coffee on workdays and on spear time.  The drivers have an averageof food intakes,2 times duringthe workingdayand2 times during spare time. The resultalso indicatesthat drivers eat fromthree food groups out ofseven. The results indicate that one meal achieved the plate model during work day and spear time. The drivers weremore sedentaryintheir absence(48 minutes /day)thanat work (34.5 minutes / day).Therewasno significant difference inphysical activitybetween workand spare time.   Conclusion: Drivers slept equal during workday or spare day. Food habits can be improved by increased frequency and distribution during twenty-four hours.The physical activity is on a acceptable level but can be improved. It can be done by workplace subsidizes training card or by motivating individual health consultations regarding diet and exercise habits.  This extension can lead to changes in professional operating environment such as education in diet and nutrition, sleep and physical activity. Keywords: Professional driver´s, sleep, food, physical activity