Muskelatrofi i samband med immobiliserande kirurgi : Litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning: Background: The patient's prerequisites form the basis for the pre-and postoperative care period. One of the aspects that affect health care is the patient's physical activity where immobilizing surgery involves atrophy of muscle mass. A low preoperative activity level, perioperative immobilization and postoperative immobilization increase the risk of postoperative complications. Aim: The purpose was to investigate how much skeletal muscle mass patients lose related to immobilizing surgery and how immobilization affects the patient's care time postoperatively. Method: A literature study that reviewed 12 original articles. The articles were reviewed according to Forsberg and Wengström (2016) where article’s contents and results were compared with the aim of this literature study. Results: After examination, no general loss of muscle mass after immobilized surgery could be identified. The muscle mass's ability to atrophy varies depending on the area of surgery and individual-based conditions. However, muscle mass and its quality were identified as a potential prognostic marker for how post-operative care time will play out where lower levels of muscular quality imply increased risk of complications and mortality. Care time for patients with a low muscle grade has been identified as prolonged related to immobilizing surgery. A care period that can be shortened by muscular activation in the form such as electrical stimulus or resistance exercises. Conclusion: The conclusion of this literature study is that the muscle mass lost in immobilized surgery and how postoperative care is affected is individual-based and influenced by preoperative muscle size and type of surgical procedure. Further research is needed on preoperative and postoperative skeletal muscle mass measurement and a routine for measuring muscle mass, since muscle atrophy has been identified as an important marker for postoperative care and survival.