Sjuksköterskans arbetssätt för att främja hälsa genom egenvård och livsstilsförändringar hos personer med hypertoni. : En litteraturöversikt

Sammanfattning: Background: Hypertension is a global health problem that can lead to serious complications such as stroke and congestive heart failure. Nurses' work includes promoting lifestyle changes, motivating, compliance with medication, and providing regular follow-ups to improve blood pressure. More knowledge is needed on which working methods nurses use to promote health and support sustainable lifestyle changes. Aim: To illuminate the nurse's ways of working to promote health through lifestyle changes and self-care in persons with hypertension. Method: A literature review according to Friberg was chosen as the method. Database searches were carried out in CINAHL, PubMed and PsycInfo. Nine scientific articles were included after having been analysed, classified and compiled in an article matrix. Result: The analysis resulted in two main themes and five subthemes. The first theme was Creating change which described how the nurse responded to the patient's specific opportunities, expectations, knowledge needs and motivation for initiating lifestyle change. The second theme was Maintaining change which describes how the nurse guides, promotes and follows up the person to create a sustainable lifestyle change and an improved self-care strategy. Conclusion: The nurse's ways of working to promote health through lifestyle change and self-care in persons with hypertension can be designed in different ways. Regardless of which nursing philosophy lies behind it, it appears that a person-centred approach stimulates the person's motivation for a changed lifestyle through increased participation and responsibility.