Patientupplevelser av m-hälsa som stöd vid egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 2 : en litteraturöversikt

Sammanfattning: Background Diabetes type 2 is a metabolic disease in which insulin production is either completely absent or too small in relation to the body's needs and/or the body's ability to assimilate the insulin is reduced. Untreated, the disease leads to harmfully high blood sugar levels and subsequent complications such as damage to vital organs and death. The incidence has increased significantly globally during the last thirty years, especially within the group of young adults. Reduced physical activity, overweight and obesity, and increased longevity are the driving factors behind the increased incidence in Sweden. Self-care is an important part of treating the disease and new technological innovations have paved the way for a new type of digital support for patients in their self-care. Aim The aim was to describe patients' experience of self-care with the help of m-health in diabetes type 2. Method The study was done with a non-systematic literature review which included 15 scientific articles from two databases (PubMed and CINAHL). Of the included articles, 13 had a qualitative approach and 2 had a quantitative approach, all of which have undergone a quality review. The result was iterated through integrated data analysis. Results The result generated 3 main themes: perceived enablers for the use of m-health, perceived barriers to the use of m-health, and the experience of interaction and information sharing. The results showed that most participants experienced positive effects from the use such as strengthened self-confidence, increased knowledge, and increased self-care skills. Some of the participants, however, experienced obstacles before use, in the form of prejudices, but also obstacles during use which was identified as a barrier to integrating the application into everyday life. Conclusions The experience of using a mobile application for self-care support largely depends on the individual's personal characteristics, life situation, and possible co-morbidities. The literature review concludes that these insights are important knowledge for the nurse to provide adequate support in self-care to each patient.