Trafikbelastade gårdsbjälklag : En undersökning av beräkningsmetoders lämplighet och möjliga förenklingar i projekteringsprocessen

Sammanfattning: As a structural designer, you are sometimes required to design structures carrying traffic loads, but which are not, for example, bridges or parking garages. In practice, this usually applies to drivable floor layers and culverts under roads. When designing structures such as bridges and parking garages, there are clear standards and regulations to follow. These types of guidelines are not as comprehensive when it comes specifically to dimensioning traffic-load-bearing constructions in connection with building construction. Frequently, an evenly distributed load of 20 kN/m2 is used. The purpose of this work is to investigate which regulations house construction designers should relate to when designing structures that carry traffic loads which are not bridges or parking garages. The work also includes an investigation of how suitable different calculation methods are for different types of load cases. The goal is to make recommendations that can streamline the work for construction designers. The material for this work has been obtained through three different methods. In order to gain an understanding of the subject and the current state of knowledge in the field, a literature study has been made. The main part of the work has included qualitative interviews with people who have good experience and knowledge in the field, as well as practical modeling and calculation of load cases. The focus has been on investigating which transverse forces occur for some specific load cases. The study also includes the effect of the fill layer’s thickness on the load spread. For larger floor spans, it is confirmed that an evenly distributed load of 20 kN/m2 is a bit heaped. To dimension after this covers most of the load cases that may occur on a floor layer or similar construction. In some cases, this value could be halved without problem. It also turns out that the shorter the span of the floor, the more the evenly distributed load differs between the different fill layer thicknesses.