Kvalitetssäkring - Egenkontroller i bygg- och anläggningsproduktion

Sammanfattning: Today, the construction industry is one of the largest industries in Sweden, with a turnover of nearly 600 billion SEK in 2021 and employing 341,500 people. The civil engineering industry accounted for 19% of the turnover. Ensuring the quality of construction projects is one way for contractors to reduce potential errors and deficiencies in their work. The cost of addressing these deficiencies typically amounts to around 5% of the total contract cost. A part of this is the self-inspections which, generally within the industry, have been at a low level and lacked credibility. One aspect of this is self-inspections, which have generally been at a low level in the industry and have had lower credibility, resulting in quality deficiencies in the work performed.   The purpose of this study is to analyze the significance of self-inspections and the requirements for execution and documentation. The study also aims to provide an overview of how quality management, specifically self-inspections, operates in the construction and civil engineering industry during the production phase. The goal of the study is to provide an updated analysis of the construction industry's work with self-inspections and identify further development opportunities to improve the level of the final product in the company.   A qualitative research method is employed in this study, as it seeks greater knowledge and understanding of the area under investigation, which is not solely based on raw data such as numbers and surveys. The data collected will be based on words and descriptions obtained through a semi-structured interview with a focus group.   The results of the study show that the main purpose of self-inspection for the company is to verify the quality of the work, ensure that the work was done correctly according to the construction documents, and to serve as evidence for billing purposes to the client. The study also shows that the administrative part and requirements from the client can take over, which could distract from other important tasks. The results also show that the company wants to move towards a more digitized self-inspection, which would ultimately reduce administrative work.   The general conclusions drawn from this study are that education on the importance of quality assurance is crucial in providing the necessary knowledge and tools and creating a culture that strives for high quality. Additionally, there is a need for industry-wide standards for self-inspections to promote uniformity, maintain a consistently high level of quality and credibility, facilitate collaboration and knowledge exchange, and promote sustainability within the construction industry. Specifically for the case company, the work on continuous improvement needs to be developed, including encouraging employees to constantly seek improvement opportunities, and creating an environment where knowledge and innovation are shared. Another conclusion from the study is the implementation of digital tools, which would enhance the company's work on self-inspections and quality. This would enable more efficient data collection, reduce the risk of errors, and save time and resources by minimizing paper handling.