Samredovisning av BIM- och GIS-data

Sammanfattning: Combined presentations of BIM- and GIS-data Throughout the process of creating and maintaining our built environment, from planning to building to facility management, large amounts of data are produced and consumed. Much of these are geographic data, processed in some form of GIS (Geographical Information System). Others are building data, increasingly handled in different BIM (Building Information Model) software packages. To be able to integrate data from these two different worlds can be seen as a crucial step in improving communication, avoiding resource waste and creating new possibilities. This master’s thesis contains an investigation on ways of combining data from BIM and GIS sources, and displaying the combined models online. The study is conducted in two parts, the first using literature, interviews and technical documentation to provide a theoretical background, and the second using a case study to investigate the technical feasibility of the techniques described. The background contains sections on possible application domains and an overview of representations of 3D geometry. It further details some of the most important 3D data formats currently in use, known issues with integration of BIM and GIS data, and options for visualizing 3D data online. The study goes on to describe possible system architectures for combining BIM and GIS data, and to define criteria against which these can be evaluated. The case study uses data from the ongoing reconstruction of a Swedish pulp mill. A 3D model of the mill and a digital elevation model from the national land survey (Lantmäteriet) are combined. Four different system architectures are investigated, one using an online GIS platform (ArcGIS Online and the CityEngine Web Viewer), one using a BIM distribution tool (Maint3D), one where a viewer is developed using a JavaScript library (three.js), and one where the data is transformed to 2D (using WMS and ArcGIS Server). Results show that there are still several issues that need to be resolved to achieve combined 3D visualizations. There are problems on a technical level, with geometric representations and format translations; on a data level, with differing information models and content handling; and on an organizational level, where data and data producers still seem divided into separate worlds. The study concludes that co-operation and standardization are necessary, as well as continued technical development, to make combinations of 3D data plausible in the future.