Schaktad matjord, avfall eller resurs? En rätts- och hållbarhetsanalys av återvinning och deponering av avfallsklassad matjord

Sammanfattning: The world is facing challenges when it comes to environmental and climate changes. To address this Swedish and international environmental legislation and sustainability goals have been developed. In these measures management of waste and natural resources are included. The construction industry is the sector that generates the largest amount of waste in Sweden. When excavating there is usually excess masses, including topsoil. These masses are often classified as waste but they can be recycled. In this thesis, reports to municipalities regarding the recycling of topsoil on agricultural land where the measure has been prohibited were analyzed. Also topsoil from excavated masses that are recycled on agricultural land or put on landfills were compared on the basis of the environmental goals from Sweden and the UN. The result showed that the legislation used to prohibit the measures differed in the different municipalities. But the last argument in all of the decisions was that the measure could be considered recycling and is therefore classified as illegal disposal. The sustainability analysis showed that recycling on agricultural land has the best probability to fulfill the environmental goals from Sweden and the UN. It is also stated that there is dissatisfaction among authorities, builders and waste managers regarding the management with these reports. To reduce this dissatisfaction, proposals are made for digitalization of the reports and that more assessment models such as LCA, LCC, CBA and multi-criteria analysis should be used.