Effektivisering av bussdepå med hjälp av automation : En kartläggning av hur sensorteknik kan användas för att minska antalet karosseriskador på bussar

Sammanfattning: While there is an increase in population and an extensiveurbanization, the city-scape of Sweden’s big cities evolves, whichrequires new demands for inventive solutions regardinginfrastructure. As increased population calls for more effectiveutilization of the land, the need for public transportation andits infrastructure has expanded. Bus depots are one fundamentalexample of the infrastructure that is needed to provide attractivepublic transportation, which is why Transdev has initiated theproject of automatizing a bus depot. Transdev is planning to equip12 of their 24 buses with ultrasonic sensors to alert driversabout oncoming obstacles by the help of light. Given that Transdevwishes to identify current sensor technology as a first step to anautomated depot, the purpose of this project is to map out thepotential of such technology by analyzing the damage on the busesas well as by analyzing current and future technology. The theoretical background is an outline of the subject ofautomation and includes a brief description of the technology usedin automated vehicles as well as a summary of the different levelsof automation and what is needed in terms of technology to achievea given level. The outline also includes a glossary and adescription of ongoing projects in the field of automation. Theinformation was used to create the necessary basic understanding,and was collected using documents, reports and internet-basedsources. To map the bodywork damages, a mix of a quantitative anda qualitative method was used, where the quantitative relied onstatistics from in-house systems. The qualitative relied oninterviews with drivers involved in the project. In order toassociate a bodywork damage to a given area of the bus, the buswas divided into separate zones. The collected data was presentedusing a circle diagram to make the information comparable andperspicuous, and the interviews were summarized. It was mainly thedepot in Lund that was investigated. The result shows that the placement of the bodywork damage differdepending on the investigated depot, and that the zone with mostdamages is not necessarily the zone with the highest cost. It alsoshows that the sensors have the potential to prevent 51% of thebodywork damage at Lund’s depot. The drivers are positive to theuse of sensors but think that the feedback needs improvement.Today the feedback is only visual and designed in a way that makesit difficult to read and react on, and in order to get an adequateimplementation of the sensors, a detailed pre-study is necessary.Finally, it is clear that the use of sensors can be a profitableinvestment with the potential of higher cost savings with adequateimplementation, and that further steps of automation should bemotivated by other factors than the one of bodywork damage.