Effekten av preventionsprogram inom skolhälsovården mot ångest och depression hos barn och ungdomar i riskgruppen. : – En litteraturöversikt

Sammanfattning: Background: The prevalence of mental illness, especially anxiety and depression, has increased among children and adolescents, causes suffering. Anxiety and depression can also have serious consequences, including an increased risk of early death among this age group. It is, however, important to point out that these risks can be prevented. School health care plays an essential role when it comes to preventing mental illness among students. Aim: To demonstrate whether the preventive work in schools has any effect on reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression among adolescents in the risk group. Method: A literature review with a quantitative approach was chosen to answer the aim of the study. The study is based on 19 studies where the participants in the sample are in the age group 11 to 18 years. Result: Several different prevention programs were used to prevent mental illness in students in the risk group. The majority of included studies failed to demonstrate a significant effect on reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression among adolescents. The result did however show that some prevention programs such as cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness had reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The included studies indicate that there are several prevention programs used to relieve anxiety and depression among adolescents at risk. This study aims to emphasize the importance of preventive efforts in school healthcare, even though the results may not fully confirm the effectiveness of all included prevention programs.