INDUSTRIELLA METODEROCH TANKESÄTT : För effektivare processer och ettmer hållbart byggande

Sammanfattning: The construction and real estate sector were in 2019 responsible for a fifth of Sweden's totalemissions and a third of its total energy consumption. With new rules and regulationsconcerning the environment, industry participants have a large potential to influence theimplementation of this legislation in practice.Today there are two main approaches in the construction of new buildings, traditionalconstruction and industrial construction. The traditional, often referred to as project based,gives the constructors much freedom concerning the building's architectural expressionsince every project is considered unique. The industrial, on the other hand, entails a fasterand more structured construction process. Through the implementation of the IHB-model, aframework for industrial construction, there is a continuous pursuit of improvements in theoperating efficiency throughout the entire construction process. The IHB-model ranks acompany’s degree of industrialization on the basis of eight categories, which allows for anefficient process of discovering potential areas of improvements.The purpose of this report is to evaluate the possibilities of improving Skanska’s currentoperations through the implementation of a more industrialized mindset. This is donethrough a description of one of Skanska's ongoing construction of apartment buildings inUmeå. Through the data collection process, which consists of observations around theconstruction and interviews, the degree of the project's industrialization is then determinedthrough the use of the IHB-model. The results are then analyzed and potentialimprovements in their operations and mindset is suggested. Skanska is the front runner insustainable construction and with rigid regulations regarding the sustainability of the projectthe implementation of industrial methods might help them achieve their goals.The findings suggest that Skanska has achieved a relatively high degree of industrialization,but there is still room for improvements. Because the project consists of different phases,Skanska will have great potential to improve the efficiency of their processes for thebuildings that are not yet erected. Through increased application of prefabricated materialsit is possible to achieve a better working environment, minimize risks and improvedefficiency. This would then result in fewer errors, shorter time of production and decreasethe waste associated with the project.Increased usage of ICT-tools during the production might lead to both increased usage ofexperience and better control of the construction process. This results in improvedoperating efficiency, fewer errors and provides the optimal conditions for further projects.Through the implementation of the Last Planner framework, only the necessary and good togo parts of the project will be built, thus eliminating the necessity for corrections andreducing the waste associated with the project. The JIT-principle can be applied to improvesupply chain management which allows for material to be delivered to the right place at theright time. Through long-term relationships with their suppliers an efficient work flow isestablished which results in increased productivity and the alignment of the interestsregarding increased operating efficiency and sustainable construction.