Kommunikationsåtgärder för att minska ÄTA-arbeten : Kartläggning av kommunikationsstörningar samt framtagandet av förebyggande åtgärdsplaner

Sammanfattning: In the Swedish construction industry, there are a lot of communication disorders that lead to amendment and supplement work which results in economic losses every year. Previous studies have shown how much money is assumed in financial losses due to poor communication. This work has studied the types of communication disturbances that occur in two different phases of construction projects; the planning and the production stage. The studies has been conducted through interviews and observations by interviewing different employees in the both stages. The examination has shown what type of communicative tools that are used between the employees and which types of communication disorders that occur. By identifying the different types of communication problems, preventive action-plans has been produced to solve the problems in the different stages. Many employees complain about the poor information transmissions that lead to delays and poor quality. With incomplete prerequisites the workers will have to maintain a continuous communication with the client and this is according to the employees a lengthy procedure. It is not only the client that is the main source of these problems, the employees in between themselves are bad at updating the material due to the poor communication between them. Another problem that the study showed was the poor use of communication tools. Many employees thought that a phone call was the easiest way to reach the recipient although it could cause many problems due to the fact that a phone call does not constitute a valid document. Without a valid document the workers have no basis to work on. These communication problems often lead to amendment and supplement work and in worst case they lead to building technical errors. The employer should provide more favorable meetings by letting the employees discuss their opinion until their informational needs are satisfied. Many employers have a habit to mainly tune the time-schedule during meetings and leave only a little time for discussions. According to the interview group a good meeting is the most profitable communication tool, while an ineffective meeting is just a waste of time. Therefore it is important that the employer provide more efficient meetings regularly to reduce misunderstandings. There is a lack of informal communication in organizations which is one of the main problems why the employers don’t work with the new updated material. The organizations should focus on improving the informal communication. One of the main reasons for the occurrence of building technical errors is when the construction planner submits the construction drawings to the next stage. The building drawing can sometimes not be executed because the planner has not visited the construction site and the drawings might not resemble the reality. For that reason it is very important for the planner to continuously communicate with the construction workers and even visit the construction site before the production begins. The preventive action-plan that have been developed in our studies is an effective way for organizations to reduce communication problems, although for the plan to be as optimal as possible the employees have to show dedication to these solutions.