Karbonatisering av riven betong

Sammanfattning: This study investigates the carbonation process in concrete, where carbon dioxide is naturally absorbed by the concrete over time. Crushing the concrete into smaller fractions has the potential to accelerate this process. The study aims to evaluate the carbon dioxide reduction through the method of carbonation of crushed concrete, in collaboration with Bjerking and Castellum for their project in Främre Boländerna, Uppsala. Calculation models based on the Swedish standard EN 16757 are used to assess carbon dioxide uptake, which is compared with data obtained from concrete samples taken from buildings scheduled for demolition. These models are used to estimate carbon dioxide uptake during the usage phase of concrete as well as after demolition and crushing. Results indicate that carbonation of crushed concrete has the potential to effectively capture about a maximum of 75 % of the carbon dioxide emissions during calcination. It is found that the carbon dioxide uptake for a concrete wall after 74 years of usage is at 13 %, but this value can increase to 62 % within 4 months after crushing, given optimal waste management practices. These results highlight the impact of crushing and optimal waste management system on achieving carbon dioxide reduction through carbonation. Moreover, the result demonstrates that fractions smaller than 4 millimeters exhibit rapid carbonation, occurring within a few days, while larger fractions in the range of 16–32 millimeters undergo carbonation over a span of several years to a century. The size of the fractions and their proportion in the crushed concrete greatly influence carbon dioxide uptake. Under different fraction conditions, carbon dioxide uptake varies between 59 % and 84 %, emphasizing the impact of fraction composition on carbon dioxide uptake.  The conclusions of this study indicate that crushing concrete for the purpose of carbonation can reduce carbon dioxide emissions from calcination in cement manufacturing. By implementing an optimal waste management system, the carbonation process can be accelerated and utilized within a shorter time frame. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the ratio of fractions of the crushed concrete has a significant influence on carbon dioxide uptake. However, further research specifically focused on concrete crushing is required to provide a definitive answer.